Arthroscopy is a surgical technique used to perform procedures on joints. It involves making several small incisions through which a camera, light, and specialized surgical instruments are inserted to perform the procedure. Compared to an open surgical procedure, which uses a larger incision to provide direct visualization of the joint, arthroscopy typically results in a shorter and easier recovery time.

Debridement is a surgical procedure used to clean and improve the space within a joint. It may involve removing damaged tissue (such as cartilage), removing bone spurs, or smoothing cartilage and bone surfaces. These actions help the ankle move more smoothly, with the primary goals being pain relief and improved ankle function.

The lower leg contains two bones: the tibia and the fibula. At the ankle, each of these bones forms a joint with the talus, a bone located just above the heel bone. These two joints are known as the tibiotalar joint and the fibulotalar joint. Surgical procedures on the ankle may involve one or both of these joints.

When severe pain, stiffness, swelling, or difficulty moving the ankle occurs, extensive debridement may be necessary. This procedure typically involves both the tibiotalar and fibulotalar joints. By contrast, limited debridement addresses only one of these joints.